The Teachings Of The Bible - 983 Words

Born in church, the Bible has become a law book and a testament of salvation for all. Reading the Bible helps me to uncover God’s qualities through the human history and Christ’s life. The reason for the Bible is to have viewpoints about how to receive salvation; however, most will consider their interpretations of the Bible in their own way without crediting inspiration from God. The Bible written for each person on Earth shows the divine grace and mercy of God towards others. Paul’s writings are congregational writings sent to churches. Most considered Paul’s writings irrelevant; they considered his writings spoke to Ephesus, Colossus, and other churches during his Christian journey. Feminists have thought Paul had discriminated women overall, saying women need to cover their hair (1 Corinthians 11:4-16); in addition, Paul stated that women could not teach, keeping man’s authority on top (1 Timothy 3:11-12). The reason why I stated that the Bible is congregational was that Paul applies his messages to everyone. However, the letters he wrote applied diverse messages to different churches. For example, he wrote the letter of Romans to the church of Corinth to show how Jews and Gentiles are saved through faith and that the law kept them in sin (Romans 3:28). Another example is to show the church of Galatia that no division or group can approve that they are saved (Galatians 3:28). Paul’s letters only showed the congregational message where it speaks to all people about God’sShow MoreRelatedThe Teachings Of The Bible933 Words   |  4 Pagesto uncover to the teaching of the bible, the nature of Jesus Christ, or the purpose of his ministry. . The teachings of Jesus are seen through the bibles not directly but though different parables. In Jesus teachings, He uses parables to teach his people how to live their lives. He does this by comparing life on earth to the kingdom of God. To help people understand, he used examples of people in everyday life to base his stories on, so that the people to whom he was teaching could relate to whatRead MoreThe Teachings Of The Bible933 Words   |  4 Pageslistening to other perspectives can not only be possible, it may be advantageous to increase one’s knowledge. Rachel goes on to say, â€Å"I believe in the basic teachings of the Bible with nothing added and nothing taken away† (Abernethy, R. 2001). To have faith in the Bible one must be open to the growth of accumulated assimilations of its contents. The Bible alone holds many religious outlooks, we as Christians can learn from. By being closed off to other religious knowledge we are denying historical dataRead MoreT he Teachings Of The Bible Essay1220 Words   |  5 Pagesfollow the Bible. Islam has influences from the Quran. Judaism follows the Torah. Buddhism follows spiritual ideas based on teachings from scholars. There are countless religious figures and religious teachings that people believe in. The Bible has Christians follow the ten commandments. The ten commandments are a set of principles Christians follow in order to be a true worshiper of God. The Quran is the religious text Muslims follow as their source of faith. The Torah is the written teachings from theRead MoreThe Teachings Of The Bible894 Words   |  4 Pagespowerful bond so that we can get to know him better . The Bible is the account of God s action in the world , and his purpose with all creation .The Bible contains the message God desired . I believe that the Bible was written as a message to humankind to guide us in the right path to success. I believe the Bible is inspiration . It s inerrant and infallible meaning it s without error and unable to fail. The Holy Bible is the only accurate Bible from the word of God . It determines all the doctrinalRead MoreThe Teachings of the Bible506 Words   |  2 PagesThe presence of God in our lives is needed more than we may acknowledge. It doesn’t take reading the Bible every day or going to church every weekend for us to grow closer to God. Knowing His word and expectations of us, keeping faith in Him, and praising Him is what will bring us closer to Him. The Bible teaches us many things, the way God created man, how the world was created, how we should live, the sacrifices God gave and many more things. The book of Romans teaches us that in creation GodRead MoreThe Bible And The Teachings Of Jesus1491 Words   |  6 PagesWhat is suggested in the Bible and the teachings of Jesus? Whilst the bible does not specifically mention euthanasia, it does address closely related topics. Euthanasia is essentially killing out of mercy, hence the name ‘mercy killing’. The bible tells us that we are not to murder (Exodus 20:13) and any form of taking a life is seen as killing. It says that we die when God chooses us to, and to murder is an attempt to deny God his right of appointing death. Therefore, ‘mercy killing’ is going againstRead MoreChristian Life And The Teachings Of The Bible1243 Words   |  5 Pagespersonal beliefs. I am a Christian since birth. So all I’d like to talk about is Christian life and the teachings of the bible. Throughout my whole life, I have learned about spiritual things and what kind of spiritual things are in my ego. The spiritual values that I always have is love, hope, and trust. Love is an element that Christians value and have in their Christian mind and the bible says to love each other. I am doing my be st to understand this word throughout my whole life and it is theRead MoreThe Bible s Teachings On Sex1266 Words   |  6 Pagesexactly one way for Christians to express their sexuality — by staying abstinent until they got married to a person of the opposite gender. And then, you could have at it all you wanted. But what I wasn’t taught in Sunday School is that the Bible’s teachings on sex have been interpreted in many different ways. I didn’t know that the early Christians actually started practicing celibacy because they were convinced the end of the world was near. No one told me that marriage wasn’t always defined and controlledRead MoreEffective Bible Teaching The Authors Discuss The Merits Of A Bible1338 Words   |  6 PagesIn the book Effective Bible Teaching the authors discuss the merits of â€Å"topic and theme† and how we can use this to help prepare a bible lesson verses an essay. In this section the authors argue the universal principles of good writing, speaking and teaching and what the different handbooks say about composing a good essay. There are several different writing options such as picking a topic and then narrowing it to a specific thesis. Or doing the complete oposite and picking a broad subject and thenRead MoreTeaching The Bibl e : Interview / Book Reflections1899 Words   |  8 PagesJames Donley Teaching the Bible Interview/Book Reflections After speaking with Tarah, a Director of Children’s Ministry, I was able to glean a number of insightful critiques of today’s children’s ministry. Between the reading from class and our conversation three topics stood out; the watered down children’s gospel, the tendency to always tell children the story without letting them experience it, and the overall structure of children’s lessons and children’s Bibles. Gretchen Wolff Pritchard wrote

Business Law Cases Summary - 4293 Words

Offer ( Topic 3) Is a proposal the acceptance of which establishes the existence of an agreement. It shows a promissory intent. In other words, it is a promise to do or refrain from doing something. - Usually upon condition that the other party agrees to do or refrain from doing something else in return. - Harvey v. Facey Harvey sent to Facey a telegram to buy Bumper Hall Pen. He asks Facey to telegram the lowest price. Facey telegram the lowest cash price  £900. Harvey says agree to buy for  £900. Principle: Offer is more than a mere supply of information - Offer must show promissory intent - Australian Wooden Mills v Commonwealth in where the government †offer† did not ask anything in the return - Offer is not†¦show more content†¦Jones refused to pay. Principle: Only the person to whom the offer is directed can accept. Revocation by Offeror Revocation is not valid, unless it is communicated to the offeree. Revocation is valid before acceptance. Purported revocation after acceptance has been communicated is a breach. 1. Dickenson v. Dodds Dodds made an offer open until 9 am on the 12 June. On 11, Dodds sell the house to B, and B has told Dickinson. On 12 at 9 am, Dickinson comes bring the acceptance. Principle: The offer can be revoked indirect or via conduct. Acceptance (Topic 4) Is an absolute and unqualified assent to the terms of the offer, made in the manner specified or indicated by the offeror. 1. Master v. Cameron Masters want to buy Cameron farms. They make a document, signed by both party, indicating the future formal contract to buy the farms. Masters having financial difficulties to buy the farms and sued by Cameron. Principle: Agreement to agree later can’t be force able. (Condition 3) Conditional Acceptance is not acceptance. Condition can be precedent or subsequent 1. Parties reach agreement but want terms to be written down 2. Parties reach agreement but performance subject to formal agreement 3. Parties didn’t intend to reach agreement subject to formal contract Subject to acceptance is not acceptance at all Manner of acceptance - Stipulation of theShow MoreRelatedthis is an essay1741 Words   |  7 Pages[PDF] 11011 Business Law 100 Semester 1, 2012 - Curtin ... https://business.curtin.edu.au/downloadFile.cfm?fileId=D4471A94...‎ Feb 10, 2012 - 3 Construct a coherent and logical legal argument using the four step process approach. 4 Apply relevant legal concepts and principles to  ... 2. 4 main steps in the legal research process - Introduction to ... unimelb.libguides.com/content.php?pid=172459sid=1451390‎ Jun 11, 2013 - You might also go to an encyclopedia such as Halsburys Laws of AustraliaRead MoreWorker Classification : Interns, Employees, And Independent Contractors Essay1406 Words   |  6 PagesIndependent Contractors An important part of complying with labor regulations is accurately identifying the relationship that exists between the company and its workers. 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Design of a Hall Probe Pressure Transmitter Using Bellows Free Essays

Design of a Hall Probe Pressure Transmitter using Bellows as Sensor R. Sarkar, Animesh Ghosh, Lipika Ghosh and N. Mandal Asansol Engineering College Vivekananda Sarani, Kanyapur, Asansol-713305 E-mail: rajan_maa@rediffmail. We will write a custom essay sample on Design of a Hall Probe Pressure Transmitter Using Bellows or any similar topic only for you Order Now com, ghoshanimesh. ghosh63@gmail. com, nirupama_cal@rediffmail. com Abstract: Bellows, an elastic type pressure sensor is generally used as a local indicator. To transmit the signal of bellows to a remote distance some technique is needed. In the present paper a Hall probe sensor has been used to convert the bellows movement into voltage signal which can be converted into 4 – 20 mA current signal and transmitted to a remote indicator. It has been observed that the transducer and transmitter outputs against pressure have a very good linearity and repeatability. The necessary theoretical equations along with experimental results are reported in the paper. Keywords: pressure measurement, bellows, Pressure transmitter, Magnet, Hall Probe. I. INTRODUCTION Pressure is an important measuring and controlling technical parameter during industrial production process. In order to operate industrial production well, pressure should be accurately measured and controlled. Pressure can be measured in terms of absolute or gauge. The absolute pressure can be measured in terms of height of a liquid column in a manometer whereas the gauge pressure is measured by different types of sensors [1-4]. As for example bourdon tube, diaphragm, capsule, bellow element etc. operate as primary sensing elements for measuring positive or negative gauge pressure. The sensors like strain gauge, piezoresistance, LVDT, capacitive element, inductive element etc. ct as secondary sensors to measure positive or negative gauge pressure. The negative gauge pressure or vacuum pressure can also be measured by many other sensors like pirani gauge, ionization gauge, McLeod gauge etc. In industrial application it is required to transmit the measured pressure to a remote distance. Hence in a pressure transmitter, the change of sensor parameter due to the change of fluid pressure is co nverted into an electric or pneumatic signal by using a suitable transducer and that signal after amplification is transmitted to a remote receiver. Thus the pressure transducer is a vital part of any pressure transmitter and its performance determines the reliability of operation of the transmitter. Many works on development of reliable pressure transducer are still being reported by different groups of workers. B. Raveendran et al. [5] have designed and developed a MEMS based wireless modular pressure transmitter. A Bourdon tube based pressure transmitter unit using an improved inductance bridge network has been studied by S. C. Bera et al. [6]. Y. Ruan et al. 7] have developed a multipoint wireless pressure transmitting system composed of pressure sensor PTB203, A/D converter ADC0804, MCU STC89C52, wireless communication module CC1101, receiver module STC89C52, CC1101 and display module LCD1602. Zeng Mingru et al. [8] have developed a HART Protocol based intelligent pressure transmitter which is compatible with both analog and digital signals. K. Subramanian et al. [9] have developed MEMS type capacitive pressure sensor with s ensitivity of the order of few fF/ kPa. Universal frequency to digital converter (UDFC) technique has been used by S. Y. Yurish [10] to develop an intelligent digital pressure transducer. A multiplexed frequency transmitter technique has been used by R. Vrba et al. [11] to design a reliable pressure transducer using ceramic diaphragm. In the present paper, a hall probe based pressure measurement technique has been developed. In this technique a permanent magnet is placed on the tip of the bellows with the Hall probe sensor on the top of the outside fitting of bellows chamber as shown in Fig. 1. The movement of the bellows tip is measured by a hall probe sensor. With the change of pressure the distance between magnet and the hall sensor decreases and so the magnetic intensity at the sensor increases. The Hall sensor senses this increase of magnetic field intensity and accordingly its output voltage increases with the increase of pressure. This signal is nonlinearly related with the movement of float. But for very small movement of the bellows this voltage will be almost linear. The experimental results are reported in the paper. The block diagram of the proposed transducer is shown in Fig. 1. Necessary athematical equations have been derived to explain the theory of operation of the transducer as well as transmitter. A prototype unit along with the signal conditioner has been designed and fabricated. The experiments have been performed to find out the static characteristics of the sensor, transducer and transmitter. The experimental results are reported in the paper. A very good linearity and repeatability of results with adjustable sensitiv ity of the transducer has been observed. [pic] Fig. 1: Diagram of the proposed transducer along with float and hall probe sensor II. METHOD OF APPROACH In the present paper the pressure is sensed by a bellows. A magnet is placed on the top of the bellows. And the hall probe on the bellows chamber. The float movement of the bellows is converted into voltage by a hall probe sensor. Output voltage is amplified by an instrumentation amplifier INA101 and then converted into 4-20 mA current signal using signal conditioning circuit. This signal is then transmitted to remote station with negligible loss. Let the pressure is [pic] and the corresponding height of the bellows tip from reference is [pic]. In bellows the height of the tip is proportional to pressure and is written as [pic](1) where [pic] is the constant Now the distance of the hall probe from the magnet is [pic](2) where [pic] is the total length of the hall probe from reference. In the present work the magnet is selected to be a circular permanent magnet. Let the radius and width of the magnet be ‘[pic]’ and‘[pic]’ respectively. Hence magnetic field at the hall probe due to magnet is [pic](3) where [pic] is the constant depending on the pole strength of the magnet, its radius and permeability of air which are all constants. Since [pic] equation (3) is reduced to [pic] (4) [pic](5) The above equation is equally true for very low pressure also. Since at low pressure [pic], so equation (5) is reduced to [pic] (6) Now the output hall voltage [pic] of the hall sensor is proportional to [pic] if the current passing through the sensor be kept constant and hence it is given by [pic](7) where [pic] is the constant of proportionality. Hence from equations (5) (7) [pic] (8) or, [pic](9) where [pic] is another constant. Therefore from equations (1), (8) and (9), the output from hall probe is given by [pic](10) pic] (11) [pic](12) Therefore output is linearly related with pressure. III. DESIGN In the present design a cylindrical permanent magnet is selected of inner radius [pic], depth [pic], width [pic]. In our present design, [pic]. The output of hall sensor is amplified by INA101 based instrumentation amplifier. The gain of the instrumentation amplifier is set by external resistor R1. This output signal is first converted into amplified voltage signal [pic]in the range 1-5 volt D. C. and then into current signal[pic] in the range 4-20mA D. C. y a signal conditioner circuit as shown in Fig. 2. After calibration the output of the transmitter becomes 4mA when [pic]is 1 volt and pressure[pic]is zero psig and 20mA when [pic]is 5 volt and pressure[pic]is at maximum range [pic]of the bellows. Hence the transmitter voltage output[pic] in volt and current output[pic]in mA may be written as, [pic] (13) and [pic] (14) From (13) and (14), [pic] (15) where [pic]and [pic](16) [pic] Fig. 2. Block diagram of the proposed pressure transmitter using bellows element as sensing device pic] Fig. 3: Circuit diagram of hall probe based pressure indicator IV. EXPERIMENT The experiment is performed in two steps. In the first step, the proposed transducer was designed, fabricated and mounted on the outside cover of bellows chamber as shown in Fig. 1. The bellows with the above sensor was first fitted with a dead we ight tester and the dead weight of the dead weight tester was increased in steps and in each step the Hall voltage output is measured and the characteristics of the hall sensor based transducer unit is determined. The characteristic graph obtained by plotting Hall voltage against Pressure is shown in Fig. 4. Experiment was repeated both in increasing and decreasing modes for several times and the standard deviation curve for six observations is shown in Fig. 6. In the second step the output of the pressure transmitter is taken in terms of current signal and he characteristic is shown in Fig. 7. [pic] Fig. 4: Characteristic graph obtained by plotting Hall voltage against Pressure [pic] Fig. 5: Percentage deviation Curve of the Hall Probe based Pressure Transducer [pic] Fig. 6: Standard Deviation Curve of the Hall Probe based Pressure Transducer [pic] Fig. 7: Characteristic graph of hall probe based pressure transmitter V. DISCUSSION The characteristic of hall probe sensor is nonlinear in nature. But change of hall probe voltage is quite linear as shown in Fig. 4. The linear nature of the curve is due to the fact that the movement of the tip of the bellows for the entire pressure range is generally very small and hall probe voltage due to small change of distance between hall probe and magnet lies almost in the linear zone. The percentage deviation curves from linearity as shown in Fig 5 also indicate that the percentage deviation from linearity also lies within the tolerable limit. A very good repeatability of the experimental data was also observed as shown by the standard deviation curves in Figs. 6. The characteristic of the whole transmitter is almost linear as shown in Fig 7. The design of the system is very simple and the hall probe the permanent magnet are now available at a very low cost. Hence the cost of the pressure transmitter will be low. References: 1] J. P. Bentley, Principles of Measurement Systems, 3rd ed. Longman Singapore Publishers (pvt) Ltd. , Singapore, 1995. 2] E. O. Doeblin, Measurement System Application and Design, 4th ed. , McGraw-Hill, New York, 1990. 3] B. G. Liptak, Process Measurement and Analysis, 3rd ed. , U. K. Butterworth Heinman, Oxford, 1999. 4] D. M. Considine, Process Instruments and Control Hand Book, 2nd ed. , McGraw-Hill, New York, 1974. 5] Raveendran, B. ; Su bhash, K. M. â€Å"Design of modular pressure transmitter with wireless capability† IEEE Conference on Electrical, Electronics and Computer Science (SCEECS), 2012, pp 1 – 3 6] Bera, S. C. ; Mandal, N. ; Sarkar, R. â€Å"Study of a Pressure Transmitter Using an Improved Inductance Bridge Network and Bourdon Tube as Transducer† IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, Vol 60 , Issue 4 , Year: 2011 , pp 1453 – 1460 7] Yaocan Ruan; Minghao He; Shuran Song; Tiansheng Hong â€Å"Multipoint wireless pressure detecting system† 2nd International Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Management Science and Electronic Commerce (AIMSEC), 2011 IEEE Conference, 2011 , PP 4091 – 4094 8] Zeng Mingru; You Wentang; Qian Xin , â€Å"The development of intelligent pressure transmitter based on HART Protocol† IEEE Conference on E-Health Networking, Digital Eco systems and Technologies (EDT), Vol. , 2010 , pp 121 – 124 9] Kanakasabapat hi Subramanian, Jeffrey B. Fortin, and Kuna Kishore, â€Å"Scalable vertical diaphragm pressure sensors: device and process design, design for packaging† IEEE Sensors Journal. , vol. 6, no. 3, June 2006, pp. 618-622 10] S. Y. Yurish, â€Å"Intelligent digital pressure sensors and transducers based on universal frequency-to-digital converters† (UFDC-1), Sensors Transducers Journal. , vol. 60, no. 10, October 2005, pp. 432-438. 11] Radimir Vrba, Miroslav Sveda and Karel Marecek, â€Å"Pressure transducer with multiplexed frequency transmitter†, Slconi04 – Seoron for industry Conference, New Orleans, Louisiaiib, USA, 27th -29th January, 2004, pp. 07-10. How to cite Design of a Hall Probe Pressure Transmitter Using Bellows, Essay examples